Peñitas is Spanish for "small stones" and it was said to be established by Fray Zamora and five other Spaniards and their slaves of the Panfilo de Narvaez Expedition to Mexico sometime in the mid-1520s who was befriended by Calero Indians who lived beside the Rio Grande in dugout houses and thatched huts. The city is situated in southwestern Hidalgo County and it is bordered to the west by the city of La Joya. Also, U.S. Route 83 runs through Peñitas, leading east 14 miles (23 km) to McAllen and west 26 miles (42 km) to Rio Grande City. It is also part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas. The Hidalgo and San Miguel Extension (later called the Sam Fordyce Branch) of the St. Louis, Brownsville and Mexico Railway was built in the town in 1904. A school was established by the Sisters of Mercy at Peñitas in 1907, and a post office opened in 1909. Peñitas was also a stop on the Border Pacific Railroad as late as 1988. With a total area of 4.0 square miles, they reached a population of 4,886 in 2017 and is also served by the La Joya Independent School District.
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